E-SAF Made in Europe — A Source of Jobs, Growth, and Energy Security

Electric sustainable aviation fuel (e-SAF) has emerged as a crucial element in Europe’s strategy to reduce aviation emissions and enhance energy security. A recent report commissioned by Transport & Environment (T&E) highlights the potential economic and strategic benefits of scaling up e-SAF production within Europe. Currently, the European Union depends on imports for over 95% of its jet fuel, primarily sourced from the Middle East, a reliance that has contributed to recent sharp increases in fuel prices amid geopolitical tensions. Developing domestic e-SAF production could therefore significantly reduce this dependency and bolster Europe’s energy sovereignty. The report outlines the substantial industrial opportunities associated with e-SAF production in Europe. Meeting the ReFuelEU 2030 targets would require the construction of approximately nine e-SAF plants, each capable of producing 75,000 tonnes annually. Such facilities would not only demand considerable upfront investment but also promise long-term economic returns, including an estimated €20 billion in gross value added and the creation of around 4,000 operational jobs. Importantly, up to 85% of the investment required for these plants could remain within Europe, supporting local industries and supply chains. However, realising these benefits depends heavily on deliberate policy decisions to prioritise European production and reduce reliance on imports. The report stresses that socio-economic gains are not guaranteed and must be actively pursued through supportive frameworks. To this end, T&E recommends preserving e-SAF sub-targets under the ReFuelEU Aviation and UK SAF mandates, leveraging market mechanisms to favour domestically produced e-SAF, and accelerating pilot projects through Member State funding. These measures aim to ensure that Europe captures the full value of its e-SAF ambitions while advancing its climate and energy goals. The emphasis on domestic e-SAF production also carries broader implications for Europe’s industrial landscape and climate commitments. By fostering a homegrown e-SAF sector, Europe can not only mitigate supply chain vulnerabilities but also position itself as a leader in sustainable aviation technology. This aligns with wider efforts to decarbonise transport and stimulate green growth, offering a pathway to both environmental and economic resilience in a rapidly evolving energy landscape. The success of these initiatives will depend on coordinated policy support and investment to translate potential into tangible outcomes.